Who Should Read This Book?

Who Should Read This Book?
If you want to find out how to maliciously break into wireless networks this
book is not for you. In fact, we feel so strongly about this, we provide the following
disclaimer.
If you choose to use the information in this book to maliciously hack or
break into wireless systems in an unauthorized fashion — you’re on your
own. Neither Kevin nor Peter as the co-authors nor anyone else associated
with this book shall be liable or responsible for any unethical or criminal
choices you may make using the methodologies and tools we describe. This
book and its contents are intended solely for IT professionals who wish to
test the security of wireless networks in an authorized fashion.
So, anyway, this book is for you if you’re a network administrator, informationsecurity
manager, security consultant, wireless-network installer, or anyone
interested in finding out more about testing 802.11-based wireless networks
in order to make them more secure — whether it’s your own wireless network
or that of a client that you’ve been given permission to test.
About This Book
Hacking Wireless Networks For Dummies is inspired by the original Hacking
For Dummies book that Kevin authored and Peter performed the technical
editing. Hacking For Dummies covered a broad range of security testing
topics, but this book focuses specifically on 802.11-based wireless networks.
The techniques we outline are based on information-security best practices,
as well as various unwritten rules of engagement. This book covers the entire
ethical-hacking process, from establishing your plan to carrying out the tests
to following up and implementing countermeasures to ensure your wireless
systems are secure.
There are literally hundreds, if not thousands, of ways to hack wireless network
systems such as (for openers) laptops and access points (APs). Rather
than cover every possible vulnerability that may rear its head in your wireless
network, we’re going to cover just the ones you should be most concerned
about. The tools and techniques we describe in this book can help
you secure wireless networks at home, in small-to-medium sized businesses
(SMBs) including coffee shops, and even across large enterprise networks

Introduction

Welcome to Hacking Wireless Networks For Dummies. This book outlines
plain-English, wireless-network hacker tricks and techniques you can
use to ethically hack 802.11-based wireless networks (yours or someone else’s
if you’ve been given permission) and discover security vulnerabilities. By
turning the tables and using ethical hacking techniques, you then have a leg
up on the malicious hackers — you’ll be aware of any vulnerabilities that
exist and be able to plug the holes before the bad guys have a chance to
exploit them.
When we refer to ethical hacking, we mean the professional, aboveboard, and
legal type of security testing that you — as an IT professional — can perform
as part of your job. Villains need not apply.
Wireless networks are popping up everywhere. They provide a lot of freedom
but not without cost: All too many wireless networks are left wide open for
attack. As with any other computer or network, you must be up on the latest
security concepts to properly secure 802.11-based wireless networks. But
locking them down involves more than just port-scanning testing and patching
vulnerabilities. You must also have the right security tools, use the
proper testing techniques, and possess a watchful eye. And know your enemy:
It’s critical to think like a hacker to get a true sense of how secure your information
really is.
Ethical hacking is a means of using the bad-guy (black-hat) techniques for
good-guy (white-hat) purposes. It’s testing your information systems with the
goal of making them more secure — and keeping them that way. This type of
security testing is sometimes called penetration testing, white-hat hacking, or
vulnerability testing, but it goes further than that as you’ll see when we outline
the methodology in this book.
If you use the resources provided in this book, maintain a security-focused
mindset, and dedicate some time for testing, we believe you’ll be well on your
way to finding the weaknesses in your wireless systems and implementing
countermeasures to keep the bad guys off your airwaves and out of your
business.
The ethical hacking tests and system-hardening tips outlined in this book can
help you test and protect your wireless networks at places like warehouses,
coffee shops, your office building, your customer sites, and even at your house

80C51 Family

Indirect Addressing
In indirect addressing the instruction specifies a register which
contains the address of the operand. Both internal and external
RAM can be indirectly addressed.
The address register for 8-bit addresses can be R0 or R1 of the
selected bank, or the Stack Pointer. The address register for 16-bit
addresses can only be the 16-bit “data pointer” register, DPTR.
Register Instructions
The register banks, containing registers R0 through R7, can be
accessed by certain instructions which carry a 3-bit register
specification within the opcode of the instruction. Instructions that
access the registers this way are code efficient, since this mode
eliminates an address byte. When the instruction is executed, one of
the eight registers in the selected bank is accessed. One of four
banks is selected at execution time by the two bank select bits in the
PSW.
Register-Specific Instructions
Some instructions are specific to a certain register. For example,
some instructions always operate on the Accumulator, or Data
Pointer, etc., so no address byte is needed to point to it. The opcode
itself does that. Instructions that refer to the Accumulator as A
assemble as accumulator specific opcodes.
Immediate Constants
The value of a constant can follow the opcode in Program Memory.
For example,
MOV A, #100
loads the Accumulator with the decimal number 100. The same
number could be specified in hex digits as 64H.
Indexed Addressing
Only program Memory can be accessed with indexed addressing,
and it can only be read. This addressing mode is intended for
reading look-up tables in Program Memory A 16-bit base register
(either DPTR or the Program Counter) points to the base of the
table, and the Accumulator is set up with the table entry number.
The address of the table entry in Program Memory is formed by
adding the Accumulator data to the base pointer.
Another type of indexed addressing is used in the “case jump”
instruction. In this case the destination address of a jump instruction
is computed as the sum of the base pointer and the Accumulator
data.
Arithmetic Instructions
The menu of arithmetic instructions is listed in Table 1. The table
indicates the addressing modes that can be used with each
instruction to access the operand. For example, the ADD
A, instruction can be written as:
ADD a, 7FH (direct addressing)
ADD A, @R0 (indirect addressing)
ADD a, R7 (register addressing)
ADD A, #127 (immediate constant)
The execution times listed in Table 1 assume a 12MHz clock
frequency. All of the arithmetic instructions execute in 1ms except
the INC DPTR instruction, which takes 2ms, and the Multiply and
Divide instructions, which take 4ms.
Note that any byte in the internal Data Memory space can be
incremented without going through the Accumulator.
One of the INC instructions operates on the 16-bit Data Pointer. The
Data Pointer is used to generate 16-bit addresses for external
memory, so being able to increment it in one 16-bit operation is a
useful feature.
The MUL AB instruction multiplies the Accumulator by the data in
the B register and puts the 16-bit product into the concatenated B
and Accumulator registers.
The DIV AB instruction divides the Accumulator by the data in the B
register and leaves the 8-bit quotient in the Accumulator, and the
8-bit remainder in the B register.
Oddly enough, DIV AB finds less use in arithmetic “divide” routines
than in radix conversions and programmable shift operations. An
example of the use of DIV AB in a radix conversion will be given
later. In shift operations, dividing a number by 2n shifts its n bits to
the right. Using DIV AB to perform the division completes the shift in
4ms and leaves the B register holding the bits that were shifted out.
The DA A instruction is for BCD arithmetic operations. In BCD
arithmetic, ADD and ADDC instructions should always be followed
by a DA A operation, to ensure that the result is also in BCD. Note
that DA A will not convert a binary number to BCD. The DA A
operation produces a meaningful result only as the second step in
the addition of two BCD bytes

7 Step Plan To Get Going With Networking

Arabic Mp3 Remix

http://rapidshare.com/files/122623547/Arabic-2HouseRemix.mp3


7 Step Plan To Get Going With Networking Whether you're an introvert or an extrovert, feel like you have the gift of gab or just don't know how to make small talk, networking know-how is very important for your business success. There is a notion in business that I believe most of us subscribe to that says "all things being equal, people will do business with and refer business to those they know, like and trust." And the key to this is obviously being able to develop relationships.

Think of networking as the cultivation of mutually beneficial, win-win relationships. In order to be win-win, there must be GIVE and take (notice the emphasis on give). Networking shouldn't be viewed as "events" where you go to sell your business. When effective networking is taking place, the parties involved actively share ideas, information, resources, etc.

Ok, so you know that you should be networking because it is one of the most cost-effective lead generation activities when used wisely, appropriately and professionally. But, maybe that seems easier said than done. Here's a seven step plan to really get going with networking for your business.

1. Check out several groups to find the best chemistry and perceived value. Most groups will allow you to come and visit at least a couple of times before you have to join. Go and ask around to find out why others have joined and what value they get out of belonging.

Resist the urge to just go join the Chamber of Commerce simply because everyone tells you that's what you need to do. If that's not where your target group can be found, then you might just be wasting a considerable amount of time (and money).

I'm not telling you not to join the Chamber. Just be clear about what you'd like to get out of this or any other group. If it's to find prospective clients or referral sources, then you need to be networking where those resources can be found.

2. When you find a group or two, join and go to all the meetings you can. Don't go just once or twice expecting things to happen and then if they don't quit. Building mutually beneficial, win-win relationships will take some time.

The contacts you make need to constantly see your face and hear your message. Continual contact with others over time will open up opportunities for you to go deeper and learn more about each others thoughts, ideas and capabilities in regards to your respective businesses.

Know, like, and trust generally only happens over time. Being regular and persistent will pay off.

3. Get involved - be visible. Do as much as you can to make yourself more visible within the organization. Volunteer to help with meetings, be on committees, or become a leader or board member.

Being involved does a couple of things for you and your business. First, you'll get more opportunities to establish connections and get to know some of the contacts you've made even better. Secondly, the higher the visibility you have in the group, the less you'll have to work to make new connections. Instead, as new people come into the group, they will likely seek you out because they view you as a leader within the organization.

4. Keep your circles of contacts informed. Don't just assume that running in to someone once a month (or even once a week) will cause them to start doing business with you or sending it your way. You need to let them know what's going on when you're not at that particular group in order to inform and educate them.

Send them invitations to your events or open houses. Send them email or letters to share big news or success stories, especially anything of relevance to them or those in their networks of contacts. If you believe that you have valuable ideas, information and resources to share with others, then doesn't this just make sense?

5. Work at GIVING referrals and sharing valuable information. That's right, you need to be willing to GIVE before you get. That means you need to get to know other members and what makes a good prospect for them. What kinds of information might you have access to that could be useful to them?

You may initially think you don't have much of value to share with others (besides your business and what you provide). Part of the key to getting good at giving is to not make assumptions. For example, don't assume that some basic resource (e.g., a web site) that you're aware of is familiar to someone you might be talking to just because they are the "expert" in that field. Be willing to ask if they know about the resource and ready to share if they don't.

Want to get better at actually giving referrals? Here's a simple question to ask someone you're connecting with. "How am I going to know when I meet a really good prospect for you?"

Just the fact that you are willing to explore giving will elevate your know, like and trust factor.

6. Focus on Quality, not Quantity, Quantity, Quantity. It's not necessarily about the number of connections you make, but about the quality of the ones you do make. Are they mutually beneficial, win-win relationships?

Quality connections will be identifiable because all involved parties will be actively sharing ideas, information, and resources. Yes, it is true that you need to spend some time and effort getting to know the other person(s) and what's important to them. But, you also need to be clear and actively thinking about what information or resources you want and need.

Staying in touch with and following up with a smaller number of quality relationships will generally be much more productive than trying to follow up with a larger number of superficial contacts.

7. Be persistent, but be patient. The goal of a networking event shouldn't necessarily be to come away with prospects every time you go out, but to come away with great connections. Networking usually takes time to get the relationships developed and nurtured.

Don't approach networking as a scary proposition or a necessary evil for being in business. Take the pressure off yourself and really focus on how you might be able to connect with someone you meet. Focus on them first and look for ways to be useful to them. As you become known as a connector you'll eventually be ready to reap what you sow.

Funny Pic